مقاله انگلیسی مقاومت باکتریایی در زخم‌های پای دیابتیچهارشنبه 24, سپتامبر 2025

Bacterial Resistance in Diabetic Foot Ulcers (A Review Study)

Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) pose a significant challenge for individuals with diabetes, leading to severe complications such as infections and amputations, which severely impact their quality of life. It is estimated that 15-25% of diabetic patients will develop DFUs as their condition progresses. DFUs are characterized by ischemia and neuropathy, resulting in necrosis, and patients with DFUs face a higher mortality risk compared to those without. The global incidence of DFUs is estimated at 9.1-26.1 million cases annually. Infections complicate DFUs, with nearly 50% of patients experiencing foot infections, which can lead to serious health issues including cellulitis and osteomyelitis. The presence of biofilms in these wounds contributes to resistance to healing and exacerbates inflammation, complicating recovery. The complexity of diabetic foot infections (DFIs) is marked by a polymicrobial profile, especially among patients with prior antibiotic exposure. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in DFIs presents significant concerns for healthcare providers, complicating infection management and increasing healthcare costs. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics further exacerbates the problem, as patients often suffer from comorbidities that complicate treatment. A wide range of pathogens is associated with DFUs, with Staphylococcus aureus being the most frequently isolated organism. The World Health Organization has highlighted antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a critical global health threat. This review aims to synthesize existing literature on the microbiological profiles and antibiotic resistance patterns of bacteria involved in DFUs, to identify primary pathogens, and to examine their resistance profiles. Understanding these dynamics is essential for improving treatment strategies and patient outcomes.
Keywords: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), Bacterial resistance, Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, Polymicrobial infections, Biofilms